![]() Serial numbers with an “S” prefix denote the 1970s (signifying a CBS attempt to use serial numbers to identify production years) an “E” prefix was introduced in 1979 to denote the 1980s. ![]() The only way to try to narrow the date range of your specific instrument is to remove the neck and check the butt end of the neck heel for a production date, which may be stamped or written there (if you’re uncomfortable doing this yourself, please refer to an experienced professional guitar tech in your area). Once again, there is quite a bit of overlap in numbers and years. The charts below detail the most common Fender serial number schemes from 1976 to the present. Notice that there is quite a bit of overlap in numbers and years. The chart below details Fender serial number schemes used from 1965 to 1976. Serial numbering didn’t change immediately because instruments continued to be made using existing, tooling, parts and serial number schemes. The only way to try to narrow the date range of your specific instrument is to remove the neck and check the butt end of the neck heel for a production date, which may be stamped or written there (if you’re uncomfortable doing this yourself, please refer to an experienced professional guitar tech in your area).įender was sold to CBS in January 1965. The chart below details Fender serial number schemes used from 1950 to 1964. Serial numbers were stamped on the back vibrato cover plate on early ’50s Stratocaster® guitars, and on the bridge plate between the pickup and the saddles on some Telecaster® guitars.īut once again, due to Fender’s modular production methods and often non-sequential serial numbering (usually overlapping two to four years from the early days of Fender to the mid-1980s), dating by serial number is not always precisely definitive. For years, serial numbers have been used in various locations on Fender instruments, such as the top of the neck plate, the front or back of the headstock and the back of the neck near the junction with the body. ![]() Serial numbers are also helpful in determining an instrument’s production year. While there have been periods of dramatic change-such as the transition periods between the Leo Fender years and the CBS years or the transition between the CBS years and the current ownership-most models are generally feature-specific and do not change from year to year. Most specifications for a given Fender instrument model change little (if at all) throughout the lifetime of the model. Therefore, while helpful in determining a range of production dates, a neck date is obviously not a precisely definitive reference. Given the modular nature of Fender production techniques, an individual neck may have been produced in a given year, then stored for a period of time before being paired with a body to create a complete guitar, perhaps, for example, in the following year. Neck-dating can be useful in determining the approximate age of a guitar, but it is certainly not definitive because the neck date simply refers to the date that the individual component was produced, rather than the complete instrument. Most notably, production dates have been penciled or stamped on the butt end of the heel of the neck of most guitars and basses, although there were periods when this was not consistently done (1973 to 1981, for example) or simply omitted. instrument production history, production dates have been applied to various components. How can I find out when my American-made instrument was manufactured?ĭATING YOUR U.S.-MADE FENDER STRINGED INSTRUMENTįor most of Fender’s U.S.
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![]() Now we can look at where some of the new projects will fall. This is where the animated show Resistance and the sequel trilogy films The Force Awakens, The Last Jedi, and The Rise of Skywalker take place. Lastly, we have the Rise of the First Order era. The Rebel Alliance has formed the New Republic, a new galaxy-wide government hoping to bring back an era of peace. The remnants of the Empire have spread throughout the galaxy in smaller groups led by warlords like Moff Gideon. This era takes places in the years after the Rebel Alliance destroyed the second Death Star. Now we come to the time period where The Mandalorian takes place, the New Republic. It is a time of great strife and upheaval. This is when the Galactic Civil War happens, pitting the Rebel Alliance against Palpatine's Empire. This is the time period that begins with the animated show Star Wars Rebels and then weaves through Rogue One: A Star Wars Story and the original trilogy films: A New Hope, The Empire Strikes Back, and Return of the Jedi. The upcoming animated show The Bad Batch, as well as 2018's Solo: A Star Wars Story, take place here. This is the time period where Emperor Palpatine and Darth Vader take full control of the galaxy. The Reign of the Empire is the era that immediately follows. This is when the Sith return, and the Jedi order is almost completely destroyed. The animated TV show The Clone Wars, which introduced Ahsoka Tano, also takes place in this era. This is the era where the prequel films, The Phantom Menace, Attack of the Clones, and Revenge of the Sith, take place. ![]() There is peace throughout the galaxy, and the Republic is expanding its reach fully into the Out Rim, where planets like Mon Cala and Tatooine are located. The Jedi Order is in its golden age, at the height of their power. This era takes place around 200 years before the prequel trilogy of movies. The High Republic era is where the new High Republic novels and comics take place. Let's break down each of these eras and show where some of Lucasfilm's upcoming projects fit. The Star Wars timeline is now broken up into six eras: "The High Republic," "Fall of the Jedi," "Reign of the Empire," "Age of Rebellion," "The New Republic," and "Rise of the First Order". Now, Lucasfilm has updated their official timeline as shown in Justina Ireland's High Republic middle-grade novel, A Test of Courage. With the launch of Star Wars: The High Republic from Lucasfilm publishing, as well as The Mandalorian on Disney+, these three eras are no longer enough. These came to be known as the "Age of Republic," "Age of Rebellion," and "Age of Resistance." All the movies, shows, books, comics, and video games that made up the official canon of Star Wars took place in one of these three periods of time. In 2015, in the lead up to The Force Awakens, the main Star Wars saga was broken up into three eras. ![]() Style: Limited Edition Leon Brawlers T-Shirt ![]() His Super is a smoke bomb that makes him temporarily invisible.”
2010s īetween 20, the chain closed stores in Berkeley, Pasadena and Torrance, California. In 2009, Baja Fresh moved its corporate headquarters from Thousand Oaks to Cypress, California, and closed all locations in central Ohio. The consortium was led by David Kim, who took on the role of CEO, and later appeared on Season 2 episode 20 of the reality TV series Undercover Boss. At the time of the firm's acquisition by BF Acquisition Holdings in 2006, Baja Fresh had 144 company-owned and 154 franchised locations in the states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington as well as the District of Columbia. In 2006, Wendy's sold the roughly 300-location Baja Fresh chain for $31 million to BF Acquisition Holdings, a private investor consortium that had operated franchised restaurant units for such chains as Sweet Factory, Cinnabon and Denny's. As a wholly owned subsidiary of Wendy's, the 249 restaurant chain saw consistently declining same-store sales. In 2002, Wendy's International purchased Baja Fresh for $275 million. Dollarhyde became CEO with Siracusa as Chairman and Magglos as President, they then grew the chain from 45 locations in 1998 to 249 stores. In 1998, the Magglos worked with Greg Dollarhyde and Pete Siracusa, who recapitalized the parent company, acquired venture capital and bought shares from outside holders to take control of Baja Fresh. Franchising began in 1995, and the chain had expanded to 31 outlets by 1997. In 1990 Jim and Linda Magglos took out a third mortgage on their home and opened the first Baja Fresh in Newbury Park, California in the Conejo Valley. Let’s Dance! (For restaurants with salsa as a specialty)Įach name reflects a blend of traditional and modern influences, suitable for authentic taquerias and fusion restaurants alike.A Baja Fresh restaurant on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, California, in 2008 1990s.So why not try these names out for your Mexican restaurant business? ![]() If you want to feature the burrito as a featured menu item, here are some ideas you can use.Ī funny restaurant name can gain the attention of prospective customers. Have you seen the size of a typical restaurant burrito? It’s like a meal in itself with all the meats, vegetables, rice, beans, cheese, sauces, and more! All this wrapped into on beautiful handheld wrap. ![]() Related Reading: 125 All-Time Best Greek Restaurant Name IdeasĪ burrito packed with meat, rice, and black beans. Here are taco shop name suggestions for you to consider. When you consider you could use hard shell or soft tortillas vegetables, salsa, sour cream and cheese there could be thousands of variations from a core list of ingredients. Beef, steak, chicken, potatoes, or seafood to name a few ingredients. They are simple and delicious handheld items that can be stuffed with just about anything. Tacos are one of the most popular Mexican dishes.
For severe pain, try applying heat or cold, whichever feels better. The Village of Key Biscayne strongly advises residents and visitors to keep a safe distance from these marine creatures, which can deliver extremely painful stings. This can be from a spray bottle or in a beach shower. As a result of the recent northeasterly winds, Portuguese Man owars have been pushed near shore to our local waters and beaches, including Key Biscaynes beach. Rinse the area with seawater or fresh water to remove any tentacles stuck to the skin. Purple flags flew across Treasure Coast, South Florida and South Carolina beaches indicating dangerous marine life in the water. From Florida to Texas, sightings of the blue animals resembling jellyfish have been reported. If you have been stung with what you think is a Man O' War, try these steps to minimize the pain and damage. As spring break revelers flocked to beaches in South Florida and South Carolina recently, so did the dangerous Portuguese man o war. Sightings of hundreds of Portuguese man o’ war lining the beaches have prompted Gulf Coast officials to remind beachgoers how dangerous the marine animals can be. It's possible these substances cause further damage. Studies on the effectiveness of meat tenderizer, baking soda, papain, or commercial sprays (containing aluminum sulfate and detergents) on nematocyst stings have been contradictory. The sting toxin secreted from the tentacles is a neurotoxin about seventy-five percent as powerful as cobra venom. 20, 2003 file photo, Portuguese man o’ wars were plentiful on Fort Lauderdale Beach. In the United States they can occur in coastal waters from Florida. Often mistaken for jellyfish because of their jelly-like appearance, the man-of-war is. In some people sensitive to the Man O' War venom, there may be severe reactions, including difficulty with breathing and cardiac arrest. What is a Portuguese man o’ war In this Feb. Man o' Wars can be found floating on the surface of the ocean in warm tropical and subtropical areas around the world. Several Florida municipalities have warned of an influx of Portuguese men-of-war on the beaches. Seek emergency aid if the victim is having. While some people are allergic to venom, the main risk comes from drowning. ![]() ![]() The first step of first aid is to remove the victim from the water. Jellyfish and the Portuguese man-of-war can deliver painful and potentially life-threatening stings. The indications that you have been stung by a Man O' War are: Stinging, burning, redness, swelling of lymph nodes. Key Takeaways: Treating Jellyfish and Man of War Stings. ![]() The starting materials are always made from pure elements like hydrogen (H) and zinc (Zn), which are added to an aqueous compound such as saltwater and acid solutions. The substitution reaction occurs by displacing one element to another element to form a new compound. The chemical equation of a chemical decomposition may look like this:Ģ H 2O (g) ? 2 H 2 (g) + O Single Displacement or Substitution Reaction The extraction of various metals, the digestion of food, and the electrolysis of water (H 2O) into oxygen (O 2) are good examples of chemical decomposition. In reverse to the synthesis reaction, chemical decomposition breaks compounds into smaller chemical species as its product, following the formula of AB ? A + B. The chemical equation for a synthesis reaction may look like this:Ģ H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) ? 2 H 2O (g) Chemical Decomposition or Analysis Reaction Some good examples of synthesis reactions are the production of water (H 2O), carbon dioxide (CO 2), and ammonia (NH 3). One way to recognize this reaction is that this has more reactants than its products. There are various types of chemical reactions and some of them are:ĭuring a synthesis reaction, two or more elements mix to produce a new product.This type of reaction is one of the most common types of reaction that follows a simple formula of A + B ? AB and is the reverse of the decomposition reaction. Some chemical reactions may either a forward or reverse reaction to obtain the desired product. This may include atoms, ions, compounds, along with molecules of a single element to perform the reaction. The example above shows that 2 H 2 + O 2 are the reactants, while 2 H 2 O is the product of the reaction.Ĭhemical reaction, which was developed by Antoine Lavoisier, takes place when two or more molecules interact with one another and produce a new product through chemical change. In contrast, the subscripts (the small “2” located after “H” and “O”) represents the number of atoms present in a chemical species. The coefficient located next to the symbols (the “2” before “H” from 2 H 2 ) indicates the stoichiometric numbers. Their symbols represent the elements in the chemical equation (which are the H = Hydrogen and O = Oxygen) in the periodic table. An example of a simple chemical equation looks like this: Reactants are written on the left side of the arrow while the products are located on the right side. It is a composition of both reactants and products, separated by an arrow (chemical reaction arrow), which indicates that a chemical reaction is occurring. Balancing Chemical Equations Notes Template download nowĪ chemical equation, also known as a chemical formula, is a written representation of numbers and symbols that denotes a process and production of a chemical reaction.Chemical Equations Balance and Stoichiometry Template download now.Balancing Chemical Equations Art Project download now.New Singular Matrix Method for Balancing Chemical Equations download now.Balancing Chemical Algebraic Method Equations download now.New Approach to Balancing Chemical Equations download now. ![]() Balancing Chemical Program Equations download now.Balancing Chemical Equations Activity Template download now.Predicting Products of Chemical Equation to Balance download now. ![]()
![]() ![]() This situation involving laminar flow would often be examined using Bernoulli’s equation, but this equation cannot capture the limits of laminar flow and onset of turbulence at high Reynolds number. The limit will also vary with attack angle at high attack angle, the amount of drag acting on an aircraft could suddenly decrease as flow separation occurs and turbulent flow begins. This just happens to be the critical Reynolds number for a flat plate, so we would expect a similar limit for a curved airfoil. turbulent flow varies for different aircraft, but the typical limit should be approximately when the Reynolds number reaches 500,000. When this occurs, drag suddenly increases and greater thrust is required to maintain the speed of the aircraft. Just like in other systems involving fluid flow, the flow across an airfoil will eventually break and become turbulent. lift), a wing that generates excessive turbulent flow may need to be redesigned to allow faster cruising velocity without creating excessive drag due to onset of turbulence. Depending on the required velocity, attack angle, and efficiency (drag vs. This all means that, for two different wing designs, one wing may allow laminar flow while the other allows turbulent flow, even though the fluid flow parameters (flow rate, density, length scale) are the same for both systems. Ensuring laminar flow avoids this problem and the increased turbulence acting on the aircraft. The drag force eventually recovers and drag begins increasing as the craft’s speed continues increasing. This is quantified using the Reynolds number, as discussed below.Īvoiding the drag crisis: As the transition between laminar and turbulent flow occurs, a phenomenon known as the drag crisis causes a momentary drop in drag coefficient and drag force. Higher speed: If the limit on laminar flow is higher, then the aircraft can generally sustain a higher top speed without turbulence than an aircraft with a lower laminar flow limit. As a result, the aircraft may be limited in its top speed due to a drastic increase in drag during flight. Why is laminar flow preferred during flight? The answer relates to two of the four primary aerodynamic forces acting on an airfoil and the aircraft as a whole:ĭrag in the boundary layer: Once the flow crosses into the turbulent regime, fluid flow in the boundary layer becomes turbulent and creates additional drag during flight. Regardless, we would prefer the flow rate across the aircraft to always be laminar. What exactly constitutes a “low” Reynolds number depends on the shape and roughness of the wing, as is briefly discussed below. At low Reynolds number flows, the airflow is laminar and sets up a boundary layer along the surface of the wing. Thrust exerted by the aircraft can create additional lift and drag due to skin friction along the surface of the craft, and particularly along the airfoil. Why Laminar Flow Over Airfoils?ĭuring flight, airflow across the wing of an aircraft creates drag and lift. ![]() We’ll discuss these aspects of laminar flow over airfoils and examine the limits of laminar flow across airfoils in this article. The reasons for this are varied, but they relate to the main aerodynamic forces acting on an aircraft, and particularly on the airfoil itself. Together, these are the main determining factors used to design aircraft to reach engineering and performance goals once an aircraft is put into operation.ĭuring flight, an aircraft would prefer to encounter laminar flow. The flow regime is important in aircraft design and engineering, as it determines the amount of lift and drag acting on an airfoil. On an aircraft, an airfoil is the structure responsible for moderating lift and drag created by oncoming airflow. Typical laminar-to-turbulent flow transitions over airfoils occur at Reynolds numbers of approximately 500,000.Īir traffic wouldn’t be possible without laminar flow and airfoils. When airflow transitions to turbulent at high Reynolds numbers, the result is greater drag. Airflow over airfoils generates lift and drag, and the amount of lift depends on the flow regime. locations and Canada, HBG aims to be an industry leader in diversity, innovation, and market focus. Headquartered in New York City and extending through various other U.S. Hachette Book Group (HBG) is a U.S.-based book publishing giant with a diverse array of imprints, and part of the world’s third-largest trade and educational publisher, Hachette Livre. HarperCollins offers its authors not only editorial excellence but also a robust marketing infrastructure and real-time sales data through its Agent Portal. Specializing in a diverse array of sub-genres, the publisher’s roster is studded with Nobel, Pulitzer, and Booker Prize winners among other decorated authors. Based in New York, HarperCollins churns out about 10,000 new titles yearly across 120 branded imprints and boasts a vast back catalog in both print and digital formats. HarperCollins Publishers is a two-century-old institution, standing as the world’s second-largest consumer book publisher with operations spanning 17 countries. Submission guidelines.ĭid you know that some of the world’s oldest and most esteemed traditional publishers began as humble printing presses, with their legacy spanning centuries and including the first-ever printings of literary masterpieces, world-changing scientific treatises, and historic documents that shaped nations? 2. Traditionally, the publishing company requires submissions through literary agents, although they have been exploring open submission opportunities. With a repertoire including more than 80 Nobel Prize laureates, Penguin Random House is a prestigious platform for any writer aspiring for both literary excellence and widespread influence. The company is invested in democratizing access to the publishing industry. Penguin Random House strongly values and protects authors’ intellectual property rights while advocating for freedom of expression. The publisher prides itself on a comprehensive approach to the traditional publishing process, actively collaborating with authors from editorial and design, all the way to sales and global distribution. With a lineage tracing back to the 1800s, this behemoth in the publishing world boasts an expansive portfolio appealing to readers of all demographics and life stages. Penguin Random House is a global publishing giant that houses over 300 unique imprints. Here are the top traditional publishing houses: 1. Good luck! After reading this guide, my 3,000 publishing companies list is a great next step. But you’ll still find the submission links below so you can learn more about the general guidelines. These publishers receive countless unsolicited manuscripts, and to streamline the process, a literary agent serves as a gatekeeper who only passes along the most promising works to the editorial team. If you want to work with mainstream publishers, you will typically need help from a literary agent. Publishing is a mature industry that’s highly consolidated, so big companies absorb smaller ones and turn them into imprints (or publishing arms) that exist within a larger organization. ![]() Signing a contract with a company belonging to the “Big Five” group that besides Penguin includes Hachette, Harper Collins, Simon & Schuster, and Macmillan is a dream come true for any writer. For example, Penguin Random House, the biggest publisher in the world, generates over $4 billion in revenue per year. Traditional publishing companies are those that boast a long history and colossal influence on the publishing world. ![]() So I had to laugh when my youngest granddaughter, with her sparkly, Persil-white teeth, recently peered at me curiously and said: ‘Why are your teeth sort of golden, Gran–gran?’ There are certainly moments when I feel every second of my 82 years.
Punishing the other person for making us feel embarrassed, disrespected, hurt and/or.Winning the argument or proving ourselves rights.This is common problem in crucial conversations – we lose sight of our original goals, and become distracted by one of these less noble goals: You feel offended by this open challenge, and are tempted to dismiss the comment or to retort with a sarcastic remark. One of your staff points out that 2 days ago, you agreed defer a vital input by another department, which caused a delay to your team’s output. (a) KNOW AND FOCUS ON WHAT YOU TRULY WANT. Imagine this: You’ve just explained to your team how critical it is to complete the current project on schedule, and urge everyone to complete their assigned tasks by the week. It’s easy to give in to our emotional impulses and make poor choices in the heat of the moment. Getting the right focus involves 2 components: 7 Principles to Master Crucial Conversations Principle #1: Start with Heart using sarcastic remarks, putting down others, or using authority to impose their views). They force their opinion on others, directly or indirectly (e.g. They withhold their opinions for fear of confrontation, offending others or sounding stupid or Instead of a free and constructive exchange, people may become: Conflict arises when people hold different opinions and pools of meaning. When we enter a conversation, we bring along our beliefs, experiences, emotions, and perspectives – these jointly form our “pool of meaning”. Unfortunately, we are usually at our worst performance when faced with crucial conversations – because the issues are important (and often personal) to us, our emotions take over (pushing logic aside), and things start to spiral downwards. For example, an innocent remark to your neighbor about their late night (noisy) parties can unexpectedly degenerate into a shouting match overnight, your two families end up in a “cold war”, and both sides are unhappy. They may not involve big issues, but their outcomes can affect the quality of our lives. ![]() By following these leaders, observing how they handled such crucial conversations, developing and testing theories and tools, the authors developed the tips in this book.Ĭrucial conversations involve 3 key components: high stakes, differing views, and strong emotions. They discovered that the most outstanding leaders are able to influence the outcomes of difficult but vital conversations, without offending others. The authors started with the goal to find out what makes some people more effective than others. In this free version of the Crucial Conversations summary, you’ll learn the 7 principles of crucial conversations. ![]() helps you to identify and effectively conduct “crucial conversations”, so you can overcome difficult or sensitive issues, to improve results and achieve your desired outcomes. O’Reilly members experience books, live events, courses curated by job role, and more from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers.How do you deal with topics that are sensitive yet important to you? Your daily interactions can hold pivotal moments, with outcomes that affect the quality of your relationships, careers and life. Get Crucial Conversations Tools for Talking When Stakes Are High, Second Edition, 2nd Edition now with the O’Reilly learning platform. What is this all-important skill set? What do people who sail through crucial conversations actually. As we learn how to step up to crucial conversations-and handle them well-with one set of high-leverage skills we can influence virtually every domain of our lives. ![]() ![]() When we fail a crucial conversation, every aspect of our lives can be affected-from our careers, to our communities, to our relationships, to our personal health.Īnd now for the good news. The consequences of either avoiding or fouling up crucial conversations can be severe. Ironically, the more crucial the conversation, the less likely we are to handle it well. When stakes are high, opinions vary, and emotions start to run strong, casual conversations transform into crucial ones. |
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